Competency of student nurses in the operating room Essay

LEGEND: 4-Competent (Student performs consistently in an effective and efficient manner) 3-Progress Acceptable (performance is usually effective and efficient but not always) 2-Needs Improvement (progress in performance is too slow to judge satisfactorily; task performance is not done properly for majority of the time0 1-Progress Unacceptable (no progress in performance has been demonstrated and/ or performance is consistently ineffective and inefficient) CORE COMPETENCY SCORE REMARKS A. safe and quality nursing care 1. utilizes the nursing process in the care of OR client a. Obtains comprehensive client’s information by checking complete accomplishment of the preoperative checklist/ clients chart b. Identifies priority needs of the client at the Operating Room c. Provides needed nursing interventions based on identified needs d. Monitors client’s responses to surgery 2. Promotes safety and comfort of patients inside the OR a. Transports client safely from the unit to OR b. Transfer client safely from the stretcher to OR bed, OR bed to stretcher, stretcher to RR bed (e.g. use of side rails) c. Places properly grounding pad under the patient for electro-surgical equipment d. Monitor vital signs e. Provides physical comfort utilizing comfort devices/ techniques f. Provides needed blankets and sheets to prevent hypothermia and provide privacy g. Assist in proper and safe positioning of clients in preparation for surgery h. Observes the principles of strict surgical aseptic techniques within the work area at all times i. Observes universal precautions in handling body fluids 3. Performs the functions of the scrub nurse a. Drapes the operative field correctly b. Performs surgical scrub correctly c. Dons surgical gowns and gloves correctly d. Serves gowns, gloves and drapes aseptically e. Prepared surgical instruments, sponges, sutures and other supplies in functional agreement f. Hands instruments, sponges, sutures and other materials according to surgeon’s preference g. Performs surgical count accurately h. Performs after care of the surgical instruments 4. Performs the functions of the circulating nurse a. Prepared the surgical table and all needed equipment and supplies for surgery b. Assist the anesthesiologist in the induction of anesthesia c. Performs the surgical skin preparation of the client d. Checks with the scrub nurse the completeness of surgical sponges, needles and instruments e. Anticipates the needs of the surgical team f. Ensures intactness and functionality of all contraptions ( e.g. IVF; BT; IFC; NGT) g. Helps in the after care of all equipment and the OR as a whole h. Hand additional instruments and supplies aseptically as needed i. Check sheet integrity and sterility of OR packs i.1. Sets up the OR Room needed equipment i.2. Receives client for surgery/ endorses client post-operatively i.3. Assists in skin preparation and draping of client 5. Administer medications and other health therapeutics safely 6. Executes legal orders of the surgeon/ anesthesiologist accurately and timely 7. Evaluates patient’s response to interventions 8. Monitors patients progress during surgery and immediate post-op phase B. Management of resources and environment 1. Ensures availability, completeness and functionality of OR equipments 2. Observes protocols in unrestricted, semi-restricted and restricted areas in the OR 3. Performs proper disinfection and sterilization protocols 4. Observes proper disposal of hazardous and non hazardous wastes. Observes proper handling and up keeping of OR resources 5. Observes OR policies, procedures and protocols on infection control 6. Conducts inventory of OR resources 7. Awareness of the institutional evacuation and location plan both for fire, earthquake and other major emergencies. C. Health Education 1. Implements appropriate health education activities to client based on needs assessment of the intra-operative client 2. Reinforces pre-operative health teachings to client D. Legal Responsibility 1. Adheres to legal and institutional protocols regarding informed consent and other legal documents E. Ethico- Moral Responsibility 1. Respects the rights of the OR client 2. Accepts responsibility and accountability for own decision and actions as an OR nurse 3. Maintains privacy and confidentiality of client’s information 4. Adheres to the Code of Ethics for Nurses F. Personal and Professional Development 1. Performs OR functions and according to professional standards 2. Possesses positive attitude towards learning surgical and OR-related knowledge and skills G. Quality Improvement 1. Reports significant actual or potential observations regarding the surgical client 2. Reports positive or negative variances at the OR 3. Identifies and reports variances in sterility and other OR activities H. Research 1. Disseminates results of OR-related research findings to clinical group and other members of the OR team as appropriate I. Records Management 1. Maintain legible, accurate and updated documentation of patient care in the chart/ and OR dorms 2. Submits timely, complete an accurate surgical slips and Or write-ups for cases handled J. Communication 1. Utilizes therapeutic communication skills with patients, significant others and members of the health team 2. Establishes professional relationships with members of the surgical/ health team 3. Utilizes proper channel of communication 4. Observes complete and accurate endorsement procedures 5. Uses appropriate information mechanism to facilitate communication inside the OR and with other departments in the hospital K. Collaboration and Teamwork 1. Collaborates plan of care with other members of the health team

Report on Banglalion Wimax Ltd.

Prospects of Wimax Industry Development in Savar Area (Banglalion) [pic] September 20, 2011 To, Lecturer, Golam Mohammad Forkan Faculty of Business Administration, Eastern University Subject: Submission of Report on â€Å"Prospects of Wimax Industry Development in Savar Area† Sir, With due respect, we want to state that, we are the students of Eastern University, of B. B. A. program. We are supposed to do a report on â€Å"Prospects of Wimax Industry Development in Savar Area† In this report we have discussed about the prospects and possibilities of Wimax industry and Banglalion. Here we mainly discussed customer acceptability of these two. Our Marketing Research course teacher gives us an overall idea about how to write the report, which help us a lot to conclude this report. Without his gracious contributions we may not be able to complete this report successfully. Sincerely yours, ______________ Md, Fazle Rabbi Jico ID#082200068 On Behalf of my group members. Prospects of Wimax Industry Development in Savar Area (Banglalion) Prepared for: Golam Mohamad Forkan Assistant Professor Faculty of Business Administration Eastern University Prepared by: MD. Fazle Rabbi Jico ID: 082200068 MD Afzal Hossain ID: 082200026 Shakir Mafsur ID: 082200121 Basir Uddin Amit ID: 082200127 Section: 02 Eastern University 20th September, 2011 Table of content |Particulars |Page No. |Letter of transmittal |2 | |Executive Summary | 5-6 | |Introduction | 7-18 | |Background | 19-21 | |Objective of the report | 22 | |Methodology |22 | |Scope and Limitation of the report |22 | |Company Overview | 23-25 | |Results And Discussions | 26-29 | |Findings | 30 | |Recommendation and Conclusion | 31 |Reference | | |Appendix | 32-43 | |Bibliography | | Executive Summary Success of business depends on several factors and wise decisions; so far Banglalion wimax a wireless internet connectivity provider has been conducting its business quite successfully having great respo nse in Bangladesh. As a company it has got enough fund and sponsors to invest more to capture market share of internet user. According to demand it has given its response towards it gradually and knowing the demand doing continuous research and promotion. Internet service providers association Bangladesh, Sirius broadband, Access telecom ltd, Bangladesh online ltd, Bijoy ISP in Bangladesh, Agni system ltd, Dhakacom ltd, Neksus, Isn, are broadband service providers. Broadband connection provides mainly post paid service and due to weather hazard it get disconnected and during rainy season its quality go down for all the subscribers, and as its not portable. Emergence of modem got very high acceptance and Banglalion wimax filled the space very smartly being sincere about its investment, very high demand is existing in some small city and other regions all over the country. This research will verify how worthy would be the investment of network expansion in Savar. A company should never take decision in ambiguity, Savar, one of the important upazila contains potential market though it could be said by assumption, because first company should know are they ready to accept the service. Earlier some areas have showed potential market but didn’t give positive response because of competitors, local broadband providers was in a strong position. Before investing it should be found that how the competitors are operating, is the market ready to switch? if they, then how long will it take? do education and demographic information seem positive or ot ,occupation and computer users number and all other information and their willingness to accept the service is subject to verify. Savar seem to be a potential field as its demography and environment is positive. Some information’s about Savar – The main occupations are Agriculture 24. 34%, agricul tural labourer 12. 84%, wage labourer 4. 44%, cattle breeding, forestry and fishing 1. 90%, industry 1. 37%, commerce 17. 35%, service 20. 68%, construction 1. 66%, transport 3. 96% and others 11. 46%. There are many other important institutions in Savar. The 9th Division Army Cantonment is located here. There is a Military Firm and Govt Dairy Firm beside Jahangirnagar University. BPATC training center (Public Administration Training Centre), the only training centre for the public service commissioned officers in Bangladesh, is situated in Savar. Radio Bangladesh (Bangladesh Betar) employers Residence and The Transmission Zone with huge Transmission Setup. (HPT-1; high power transmission, HPT-2 etc. ). Two Largest entertainment theme parks of Bangladesh namely â€Å"Fantasy Kingdom† and â€Å"Nondon Park† are also located here. Fantasy is situated in Jamgora Bazar and Nondon Park is situated in Jirani. BKSP, Bangladesh Krira Shiksha Pratisthan, the only national sports institute of Bangladesh is also situated in Jirani Bazar, Savar. Dhaka Export processing Zone, DEPZ is also situated in this upazila. There are 2 universities, 5 colleges, 5 school and colleges, 38 high schools, 3 junior high schools, 16 madrasas, 88 government primary schools, 13 non-government primary schools, 12 community schools, 8 satellite schools, and 1 sports institution. Some of the noteworthy institutions are Adhar Chandra High School (established in 1913), Jahangirnagar University (along with its School and College), Gana Bishwabiddalay, Bangladesh Public Administration Training Centre, Bangladesh Krira Shikha Institution, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Satellite Ground Receiving Station (Talibabad), National Institute of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar Youth Training Centre, Brac Training Centre. All the macro environmental factors satisfy that there is a positive environment in savar and these institutions and industries can give thousands of users, now it is needed to find out that demand among possible market is high or low, their willingness to purchase and brand loyalty of them, how much they are influenced by promotional activities of Banglalion so far, competitors position by conducting research thus the research is must to get to know that. The study proved that Banglalion and wimax industry has potentials in Savar and network expansion should be taken into account to grab the large market. Introduction WiMAX refers to interoperable implementations of the IEEE 802. 16 family of wireless-networks standards ratified by the WiMAX Forum. Similarly, Wi-Fi, refers to interoperable implementations of the IEEE 802. 11 Wireless LAN standards certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance. WiMAX Forum certification allows vendors to sell fixed or mobile products as WiMAX certified, thus ensuring a level of interoperability with other certified products, as long as they fit the same profile. The original IEEE 802. 16 standard (now called â€Å"Fixed WiMAX†) was published in 2001. WiMAX adopted some of its technology from WiBro, a service marketed in Korea. [4] Mobile WiMAX (originally based on 802. 16e-2005) is the revision that was deployed in many countries, and basis of future revisions such as 802. 16m-2011. WiMAX is sometimes referred to as â€Å"Wi-Fi on steroids†[5] and can be used for a number of applications including broadband connections, cellular backhaul, hotspots, etc. It is similar to Wi-Fi but it can also permit usage at much greater distances. [6] Uses The bandwidth and range of WiMAX make it suitable for the following potential applications: †¢ Providing portable mobile broadband connectivity across cities and countries through a variety of devices. †¢ Providing a wireless alternative to cable and digital subscriber line (DSL) for â€Å"last mile† broadband access. †¢ Providing data, telecommunications (VoIP) and IPTV services (triple play). †¢ Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan. Internet access WiMAX can provide at-home or mobile Internet access across whole cities or countries. In many cases this has resulted in competition in markets which typically only had access through an existing incumbent DSL (or similar) operator. Additionally, given the relatively low costs associated with the deployment of a WiMAX network (in comparison with 3G, HSDPA, xDSL, HFC or FTTx), it is now economically viable to provide last-mile broadband Internet access in remote locations. Backhaul Mobile WiMAX was a replacement candidate for cellular phone technologies such as GSM and CDMA, or can be used as an overlay to increase capacity. Fixed WiMAX is also considered as a wireless backhaul technology for 2G, 3G, and 4G networks in both developed and developing nations. [7][8] In North America, backhaul for urban operations is typically provided via one or more copper wire line connections, whereas remote cellular operations are sometimes backhauled via satellite. In other regions, urban and rural backhaul is usually provided by microwave links. (The exception to this is where the network is operated by an incumbent with ready access to the copper network. ) WiMAX has more substantial backhaul bandwidth requirements than legacy cellular applications. Consequently the use of wireless microwave backhaul is on the rise in North America and existing microwave backhaul links in all regions are being upgraded. [9] Capacities of between 34  Mbit/s and 1  Gbit/s [10] are routinely being deployed with latencies in the order of 1  M. S. In many cases, operators are aggregating sites using wireless technology and then presenting traffic on to fiber networks where convenient. Triple-play WiMAX supports the technologies that make triple-play service offerings possible (such as Quality of Service and Multicasting). On May 7, 2008 in the United States, Sprint Nextel, Google, Intel, Comcast, Bright House, and Time Warner announced a pooling of an average of 120  MHz of spectrum and merged with Clear wire to market the service. The new company hopes to benefit from combined services offerings and network resources as a springboard past its competitors. The cable companies will provide media services to other partners while gaining access to the wireless network as a Mobile virtual network operator to provide triple-play services. Some analysts questioned how the deal will work out: Although fixed-mobile onvergence has been a recognized factor in the industry, prior attempts to form partnerships among wireless and cable companies have generally failed to lead to significant benefits to the participants. Other analysts point out that as wireless progresses to higher bandw idth; it inevitably competes more directly with cable and DSL, inspiring competitors into collaboration. Also, as wireless broadband networks grow denser and usage habits shift, the need for increased backhaul and media service will accelerate, therefore the opportunity to leverage cable assets is expected to increase. Deployment †¢ WiMAX access was used to assist with communications in Aceh, Indonesia, after the tsunami in December 2004. All communication infrastructures in the area, other than amateur radio, was destroyed, making the survivors unable to communicate with people outside the disaster area and vice versa. WiMAX provided broadband access that helped regenerate communication to and from Aceh. †¢ WiMAX hardware was donated by Intel Corporation to assist the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and FEMA in their communications efforts in the areas affected by Hurricane Katrina. [11] In practice, volunteers used mainly self-healing mesh, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), and a satellite uplink combined with Wi-Fi on the local link. Connecting [pic] A WiMAX USB modem for mobile internet Devices that provide connectivity to a WiMAX network are known as the â€Å"subscriber unit† (SU). Portable units include handsets (similar to cellular smart phones); PC peripherals (PC Cards or USB dongles); and embedded devices in laptops, which are now available for Wi-Fi services. In addition, there is much emphasis by operators on consumer electronics devices such as Gaming consoles, MP3 players and similar devices. WiMAX is more similar to Wi-Fi than to other 3G cellular technologies. The WiMAX Forum website provides a list of certified devices. However, this is not a complete list of devices available as certified modules are embedded into laptops, MIDs (Mobile Internet devices), and other private labeled devices. Gateways WiMAX gateway devices are available as both indoor and outdoor versions from several manufacturers. Many of the WiMAX gateways that are offered by manufactures such as Alvarion, Airspan, ZyXEL, Huawei, Motorola, and Green Packet are stand-alone self-install indoor units. Such devices typically sit near the customer's window with the best signal, and provide: †¢ An integrated Wi-Fi access point to provide the WiMAX Internet connectivity to multiple devices throughout the home or business. †¢ Ethernet ports to connect directly to a computer or DVR instead. †¢ One or two analog telephone jacks to connect a land-line phone and take advantage of VoIP. Indoor gateways are convenient, but radio losses mean that the subscriber may need to be significantly closer to the WiMAX base station than with professionally-installed external units. Outdoor units are roughly the size of a laptop PC, and their installation is comparable to the installation of a residential satellite dish. A higher-gain directional outdoor unit will generally result in greatly increased range and throughput but with the obvious loss of practical mobility of the unit. External modems [pic] External USB modem by Yota marketing in Russia, 2010 USB can provide connectivity to a WiMAX network through what is called a dongle. Generally these devices are connected to a notebook or net book computer. Dongles typically have omni directional antennae which are of lower-gain compared to other devices; as such these devices are best used in areas of good coverage. Mobile phones HTC announced the first WiMAX enabled mobile phone, the Max 4G, on November 12, 2008. The device was only available to certain markets in Russia on the Yota network. HTC and Sprint Nextel released the second WiMAX enabled mobile phone, the EVO 4G, March 23, 2010 at the CTIA conference in Las Vegas. The device, made available on June 4, 2010, is capable of both EV-DO(3G) and WiMAX(4G) as well as simultaneous data & voice sessions. A number of WiMAX Mobiles are expected to hit the US market in 2011. Technical nformation |[pic] |It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into IEEE 802. 16 . (Discuss Proposed since August 2011. | The IEEE 802. 16 Standard WiMAX is based upon IEEE Std 802. 16e-2005, approved in December 2005. It is a supplement to the IEEE STD 802. 16-2004and so the actual standar d is 802. 16-2004 as amended by 802. 16e-2005. Thus, these specifications need to be considered together. IEEE 802. 16e-2005 improves upon IEEE 802. 16-2004 by: †¢ Adding support for mobility (soft and hard handover between base stations). This is seen as one of the most important aspects of 802. 16e-2005, and is the very basis of Mobile WiMAX. Scaling of the Fast Fourier transform (FFT) to the channel bandwidth in order to keep the carrier spacing constant across different channel bandwidths (typically 1. 25  MHz, 5  MHz, 10  MHz or 20  MHz). Constant carrier spacing results in higher spectrum efficiency in wide channels, and a cost reduction in narrow channels. Also known as Scalable OFDMA (SOFDMA). Other bands not multiples of 1. 25  MHz are defined in the standard, but because the allowed FFT subcarrier numbers are only 128, 512, 1024 and 2048, other frequency bands will not have exactly the same carrier spacing, which might not be optimal for implementations. Car rier spacing is 10. 94  kHz. †¢ Advanced antenna diversity schemes, and hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ) †¢ Adaptive Antenna Systems (AAS) and MIMO technology Denser sub-channelization, thereby improving indoor penetration †¢ Introducing Turbo Coding and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) †¢ Introducing downlink sub-channelization, allowing administrators to trade coverage for capacity or vice versa †¢ Adding an extra Quos class for VoIP applications. SOFDMA (used in 802. 16e-2005) and OFDM256 (802. 16d) are not compatible thus equipment will have to be replaced if an operator is to move to the later standard (e. g. , Fixed WiMAX to Mobile WiMAX). Physical layer The original version of the standard on which WiMAX is based (IEEE 802. 16) specified a physical layer operating in the 10 to 66  GHz range. 802. 16a, updated in 2004 to 802. 16-2004, added specifications for the 2 to 11  GHz range. 802. 16-2004 was updated by 802. 6e-2005 in 2005 and uses s calable orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (SOFDMA) as opposed to the fixed orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) version with 256 sub-carriers (of which 200 are used) in 802. 16d. More advanced versions, including 802. 16e, also bring multiple antenna support through MIMO (See WiMAX MIMO). This brings potential benefits in terms of coverage, self installation, power consumption, frequency re-use and bandwidth efficiency. WiMax is the most energy-efficient pre-4G technique among LTE and HSPA+. MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL, MAC (data link) layer The WiMAX MAC uses a scheduling algorithm for which the subscriber station needs to compete only once for initial entry into the network. After network entry is allowed, the subscriber station is allocated an access slot by the base station. The time slot can enlarge and contract, but remains assigned to the subscriber station, which means that other subscribers cannot use it. In addition to being stable under overload and over-subscription, the scheduling algorithm can also be more bandwidth efficient. The scheduling algorithm also allows the base station to control Quality of service (Quos) parameters by balancing the time-slot assignments among the application needs of the subscriber station. Deployment As a standard intended to satisfy needs of next-generation data networks (4G), WiMAX is distinguished by its dynamic burst algorithm modulation adaptive to the physical environment the RF signal travels through. Modulation is chosen to be more spectrally efficient (more bits per OFDM/SOFDMA symbol). That is, when the bursts have a high signal strength and a high carrier to noise plus interference ratio (CINR), they can be more easily decoded using digital signal processing (DSP). In contrast, operating in less favorable environments for RF communication, the system automatically steps down to a more robust mode (burst profile) which means fewer bits per OFDM/SOFDMA symbol; with the advantage that power per bit is higher and therefore simpler accurate signal processing can be performed. Burst profiles are used inverse (algorithmically dynamic) to low signal attenuation; meaning throughput between clients and the base station is determined largely by distance. Maximum distance is achieved by the use of the most robust burst setting; that is, the profile with the largest MAC frame allocation trade-off requiring more symbols (a larger portion of the MAC frame) to be allocated in transmitting a given amount of data than if the client were closer to the base station. The client's MAC frame and their individual burst profiles are defined as well as the specific time allocation. However, even if this is done automatically then the practical deployment should avoid high interference and multipath environments. The reason for which is obviously that too much interference causes the network to function poorly and can also misrepresent the capability of the network. The system is complex to deploy as it is necessary to track not only the signal strength and CINR (as in systems like GSM) but also how the available frequencies will be dynamically assigned (resulting in dynamic changes to the available bandwidth. ) This could lead to cluttered frequencies with slow response times or lost frames. As a result the system has to be initially designed in consensus with the base station product team to accurately project frequency use, interference, and general product functionality. The Asia-Pacific region has surpassed the North American region in terms of 4G broadband wireless subscribers. There were around 1. 7 million pre-WIMAX and WIMAX customers in Asia – 29% of the overall market – compared to 1. 4 million in the USA and Canada. [19] Spectrum allocation There is no uniform global licensed spectrum for WiMAX, however the WiMAX Forum has published three licensed spectrum profiles: 2. 3  GHz, 2. 5  GHz and 3. 5  GHz, in an effort to drive standardization and decrease cost. In the USA, the biggest segment available is around 2. 5  GHz,[21] and is already assigned, primarily to Sprint Nextel and Clear wire. Elsewhere in the world, the most-likely bands used will be the Forum approved ones, with 2. 3  GHz probably being most important in Asia. Some countries in Asia like India and Indonesia will use a mix of 2. 5  GHz, 3. 3  GHz and other frequencies. Pakistan's Wateen Telecom uses 3. 5  GHz. Analog TV bands (700  MHz) may become available for WiMAX usage, but await the complete roll out of digital TV, nd there will be other uses suggested for that spectrum. In the USA the FCC auction for this spectrum began in January 2008 and, as a result, the biggest share of the spectrum went to Verizon Wireless and the next biggest to AT. [22] Both of these companies have stated their intention of supporting LTE, a technology which competes directly with WiMAX. EU commissioner Viviane Reding has suggested re-allocation of 500–800  MHz spectrum for wireless communication, including WiMAX. [23] WiMAX profiles define channel size, TDD/FDD and other necessary attributes in order to have inter-operating products. The current fixed profiles are defined for both TDD and FDD profiles. At this point, all of the mobile profiles are TDD only. The fixed profiles have channel sizes of 3. 5  MHz, 5  MHz, 7  MHz and 10  MHz. The mobile profiles are 5  MHz, 8. 75  MHz and 10  MHz. (Note: the 802. 16 standard allows a far wider variety of channels, but only the above subsets are supported as WiMAX profiles. ) Since October 2007, the Radio communication Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) has decided to include WiMAX technology in the IMT-2000 set of standards. This enables spectrum owners (specifically in the 2. 5-2. 69  GHz band at this stage) to use WiMAX equipment in any country that recognizes the IMT-2000. Spectral efficiency One of the significant advantages of advanced wireless systems such as WiMAX is spectral efficiency. For example, 802. 16-2004 (fixed) has a spectral efficiency of 3. 7 (bit/s)/Hertz, and other 3. 5–4G wireless systems offer spectral efficiencies that are similar to within a few tenths of a percent. The notable advantage of WiMAX comes from combining SOFDMA with smart antenna technologies. This multiplies the effective spectral efficiency through multiple reuse and smart network deployment topologies. The direct use of frequency domain organization simplifies designs using MIMO-AAS compared to CDMA/WCDMA methods, resulting in more effective systems. Inherent Limitations WiMAX cannot deliver 70  Mbit/s over 50 kilometers (31 miles). Like all wireless technologies, WiMAX can operate at higher bitrates or over longer distances but not both. Operating at the maximum range of 50  km (31 miles) increases bit error rate and thus results in a much lower bitrate. Conversely, reducing the range (to under 1  km) allows a device to operate at higher bitrates. A city-wide deployment of WiMAX in Perth, Australia demonstrated that customers at the cell-edge with an indoor Customer-premises equipment(CPE) typically obtain speeds of around 1–4  Mbit/s, with users closer to the cell tower obtaining speeds of up to 30  Mbit/s. Like all wireless systems, available bandwidth is shared between users in a given radio sector, so performance could deteriorate in the case of many active users in a single sector. However, with adequate capacity planning and the use of WiMAX's Quality of Service, a minimum guaranteed throughput for each subscriber can be put in place. In practice, most users will have a range of 4-8  Mbit/s services and additional radio cards will be added to the base station to increase the number of users that may be served as required. Silicon implementations [pic] Picture of a WiMAX MIMO board A number of specialized companies produced baseband ICs and integrated RFICs for WiMAX Subscriber Stations in the 2. 3, 2. 5 and 3.   GHz band (refer to ‘Spectrum allocation' above). These companies include but not limited to Beceem, Sequans and PicoChip. Intel Corporation is a leader in promoting WiMAX, but has limited its WiMAX chipset development and instead chosen to invest in these speciali zed companies producing silicon compatible with the various WiMAX deployments throughout the globe. Comparison Comparisons and confusion between WiMAX and Wi-Fi are frequent because both are related to wireless connectivity and Internet access. †¢ WiMAX is a long range system, covering many kilometres, that uses licensed or unlicensed spectrum to deliver connection to a network, in most cases the Internet. Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to provide access to a local network. †¢ Wi-Fi is more popular in end user devices. †¢ Wi-Fi runs on the Media Access Control's CSMA/CA protocol, which is connectionless and contention based, whereas WiMAX runs a connection-oriented MAC. †¢ WiMAX and Wi-Fi have quite different quality of service (Quos) mechanisms: o WiMAX uses a Quos mechanism based on connections between the base station and the user device. Each connection is based on specific scheduling algorithms. o Wi-Fi uses contention access – all subscriber stations that wish to pass data through a wireless access point (AP) are competing for the AP's attention on a random interrupt basis. This can cause subscriber stations distant from the AP to be repeatedly interrupted by closer stations, greatly reducing their throughput. †¢ Both 802. 11 (which includes Wi-Fi) and 802. 16 (which includes WiMAX) define Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and ad hoc networks, where an end user communicates to users or servers on another Local Area Network (LAN) using its access point or base station. However, 802. 11 supports also direct ad hoc or peer to peer networking between end user devices without an access point while 802. 16 end user devices must be in range of the base station. Although Wi-Fi and WiMAX are designed for different situations, they are complementary. WiMAX network operators typically provide a WiMAX Subscriber Unit which connects to the metropolitan WiMAX network and provides Wi-Fi within the home or business for local devices (e. g. , Laptops, Wi-Fi Handsets, smart phones) for connectivity. This enables the user to place the WiMAX Subscriber Unit in the best reception area (such as a window), and still be able to use the WiMAX network from any place within their residence. Background Seven major division is under coverage of Banglalion ut not fully,Savar has been believed as one of the major region . now information and possibilities of svar are subject to look at here before taking any major decision by Banglalion. Savar has 13 Unions/Wards, 350 Mauzas/Mahallas, and 321 villages. The municipal area (Savar Town) consists of 9 wards and 55 mahallas. The area of the town is 24. 1  km?. It has a population of 124885; male 53. 03%, female 46. 97%; population density per km? of 5182. Savar thana was established in 1912 and was turned into an upazila in 1983. Agriculture and manufacturing are the two major economic sectors in Savar. The main crops grown here are Paddy, Jute, peanut, onion, garlic, chilli and other vegetables. The extinct or nearly extinct crops in the region are Aus paddy, Asha Kumari paddy, sesame, linseed, kali mator, randhuni saj, mitha saj, kaun and mas kalai. The main fruits cultivated here are Jackfruit, mango, olive, papaya, guava, kamranga, berry and banana. There are 181 combined fisheries, dairies and poultries Dairy, 5 hatcheries, 209 poultries, and 1319 fisheries. Manufacturing facilities include Ceramic industry, beverage industry, press and publication, garments industry, foot ware, jute mills, textile mills, printing and dying factory, transformer industry, automobile industry, biscuit and bread factory, pharmaceutical industry, soap factory, brick field, cold storage, welding, plant nursery, etc. Bangladesh Export Processing Zone is located in this upazila. The Cottage industry includes 8 Weaving, 100 goldsmith and 29 others workshops. The main exports are Jackfruit, papaya, flower, sapling, dairy products, meat, transformer, fabrics, dye, medicine, readymade garments, electronics and electric goods, shoe, brick, sweetmeat etc. There are 62  km of pucca, 56  km of semi pucca, 562  km of mud road; and 50  km of highway. Transports used here include the traditional (and extinct or nearly extinct) Palanquin, bullock cart and horse carriage as well as modern day vehicles. There are 14 regular Hats and bazars here. Noted bazars are Savar, Nabinagar, Amin Bazar, Balibhadra and Bagbari Bazar. Noted hats include Ashulia, Savar, Shimulia, Kathgara, Sadullapur, Nayar hat (with adjoined bazar), and Vhakurar Hat. Prominent fairs include Darogali Bayati Mela (Nayarhat), Bahattar Prahar mela (Savar), Ghora Pirer Mela (Nalam), Muharram Mela (Katlapur) and Pawsh Mela (Dhamsona). Several Hindu families played a critical role in the development of the township during the British Raj in the 19th and first half of the 20th century. After partition of India in 1947, the Hindu influence in the area waned following the departure of many prominent Hindu families. The 1960s saw the establishment of some important institutions, including a dairy farm and a University in the area. Concurrently, communist politics was on the rise in the area. However, this was replaced with Bengali nationalist zeal, when the Awami League won the 1970 election in this constituency. In 1975, Savar came to the spotlight when the Maoist leader Shiraj Shikdar was secretly tortured and executed at Savar cantonment. Savar was politically important to the military dictators of the mid-1970s and '80s, as the cantonment armory here was the closest one outside the capital. From the 1990s to mid-2000s, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party candidate has been routinely elected to parliament from this constituency. However, Awami League and other parties; Communist Party of Bangladesh, Bangladesher Samajtantrik Dal, Worker's Party(Menon), National Awami Party, Sammobady Dal (including several Islamist ones) continue to have grassroots presence. The general election at the end of 2008 saw an Awami League candidate elected to parliament from this constituency. Jahangirnagar University and a few colleges in the area serve as a hotbed of active student politics and strife. Foreign dignitaries customarily visit Savar as a part of their trip to Bangladesh to pay respect to the martyrs of 1971 a Savar is the home of Jahangirnagar University, a Public University of Bangladesh and only University for full student residence facilities which is famous for its scenic beauty and as a prime destination for the Siberian migratory birds during winter. There are many other important institutions in Savar. The 9th Division Army Cantonment is located here. There is a Military Firm and Govt Dairy Firm Beside Jahangirnagar University. BPATC training center (Public Administration Training Centre), the only training centre for the public service commissioned officers in Bangladesh, is situated in Savar. Radio Bangladesh (Bangladesh Betar) employers Residence and The Transmission Zone with huge Transmission Setup. HPT-1; high power transmission, HPT-2 etc. ). Two Largest entertainment theme parks of Bangladesh namely â€Å"Fantasy Kingdom† and â€Å"Nondon Parkâ⠂¬  are also located here. Fantasy Kingdom is situated in Jamgora Bazar and Nondon Park is situated in Jirani. BKSP, Bangladesh Krira Shiksha Pratisthan, the only national sports institute of Bangladesh is also situated in Jirani Bazar, Savar. Dhaka Export processing Zone, DEPZ is also situated in this upazila. There are 318 Mosques, 8 churches and 68 other religious institutions, most noted of which are Jahangirnagar University and Savar Dairy Farm Mosques, Savar Baptist Church, Savar Daskinpara Harir Akhra Temple and Panchabati Ashram Temple. There are 2 universities, 5 colleges, 5 school and colleges, 38 high schools, 3 junior high schools, 16 madrasas, 88 government primary schools, 13 non-government primary schools, 12 community schools, 8 satellite schools, and 1 sports institution. Some of the noteworthy institutions are Adhar Chandra High School (established in 1913), Jahangirnagar University (along with its School and College), Gana Bishwabiddalay, Bangladesh Public Administration Training Centre, Bangladesh Krira Shikha Institution, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Satellite Ground Receiving Station (Talibabad), National Institute of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar Youth Training Centre, Brac Training Centre. The locally published newspapers and periodicals are Jagrata Kantha, Savar Barta, Saf Katha, Savar Kantha and Ganabhasa. The officially registered cultural and social organizations here include 81 Co-operative societies, 1 children's organization, 3 film societies, 5 cinema halls, 5 theatre groups, 1 theatre stage, 3 music centre, 5 orphanages, 1 opera party (an indigenous travelling theater troop), 3 women's club, 1 chapter of Bangladesh Mohila Parishad, 2 Amnesty organizations, 1 golf club, 2 entertainment parks. There are numerous other unofficial organizations as well. The operationally important NGOs are brac, asa, proshika, grameen bank, Ganasastha Kendra, World Vision, Swanirvor Bangladesh, VERC, Palli Mangal Karmasuchi, CDD, Adesh, Mother Vision Society of Bangladesh (AID FOR EYE DISABLE) etc. The health centers in Savar include 1 Upazila health complex, a combined military hospital (Savar Cantonment), the Korea Bangladesh Friendship Hospital, 7 family planning centers, 2 satellite clinics, and 21 private clinics. Objectives Broad objective †¢ To find out the prospects of wimax industry and Banglalion in Savar. Specific objective †¢ To know about product related prospects of Wimax and Banglalion †¢ To know about price related prospects of Wimax and Banglalion †¢ To know about Distribution related prospects of Wimax and Banglalion †¢ To know about promotion related prospects of Wimax and Banglalion Scope and limitations We could have conduct vast survey if we had enough members and other supports. If we could have a representative of Banglalion communication would be easier with sample as they could have all their answers Limitations we faced are Time constraint †¢ Insufficient Lab facilities †¢ Restrictions when entering several offices †¢ Lack of cooperativeness by the authority Methodology The data is collected from primary and secondary source. To find out the primary data we have done a survey in savar and also made an informal interview with some lo cal people. We also had to use the Secondary source for company profile. We visited their website and some other websites for relevant information. And to analyze we used SPSS 12 for statistical analysis. Company overview Banglalion Communications Ltd is a private limited company incorporated in Bangladesh on 5 Nov 2008 under the Companies Act, 1994. The company obtained license from Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) to operate Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) services nationwide using WiMAX technology in 18 November 2008. Augere Wireless Broadband Bangladesh Ltd yesterday launched the much-waited wireless broadband service through WiMax in some designated areas in Dhaka. Augere, one of the two WiMax licensees, is the first company in Bangladesh to launch such service under the brand name ‘Banglalion'. Augere is initially offering two packages. Customer will have to pay Tk 3,400 a month for the Banglalion 512 kbps package. The monthly charge for the Qubee 1 Mb has been fixed at Tk 6,200, while the modem price for both the packages is Tk 7,000. Initially, the service was available for businesses and residential customers in Gulshan, Banani, Baridhara, Mirpur and Uttara. Service will be available across Bangladesh soon. WiMax is a technology that provides wireless transmission of data using a variety of transmission modes from point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully mobile internet access. The technology supports peak download rates of up to 46 Mbps and peak uplink rates of up to 14 Mbps. Jerry Mobbs, chief executive officer of Augere Bangladesh, Russell T Ahmed, chief marketing officer, were present at the launching ceremony. Augere also unveiled a Flagship Store at Gulshan to provide 24-hour customer services. Three bidders — BanglaLion Communication, BRAC BD Mail Network Ltd and Augere Wireless Broadband Bangladesh Ltd — won the WiMax licences through an auction organised by the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) in September last year. However, BRAC later refused to take the licence. UK-based Augere Holdings owns 60 percent of Augere Wireless Broadband Bangladesh Ltd along with two local companies. Teleport Bangladesh owns 30 percent and Aamra Resources Ltd owns the remaining 10 percent. Banglalion provides broadband internet services to residential and commercial users in Bangladesh using WiMAX technology. We understand, that consumer and businesses in Bangladesh need and want faster, accessible, and affordable broadband internet service and we are working hard to ensure that. We are a new company with Integrity, Dynamism, Commitment and Innovation who continuously developing our infrastructure starting in Dhaka and some major cities, thus bringing the whole country under coverage. Banglalion currently covers 8 divisional cities Dhaka, Narayanganj, Chittagong, Sylhet, Rajshahi, Khulna, Rangpur & Barisal with hopes of covering all the major areas of Dhaka city by the end of 2010, entire Dhaka city by second quarter of 2011, and the entire country by the second quarter of 2013. Banglalion has already made a presence in Chittagong by covering some major areas in the city with about 14 BTS. Meantime, network rollout in other major cities such as: Munshiganj, Gazipur, Mymensingh, Comilla, Noakhali, Laxmipur, Satkhira, Bogra, and Cox's Bazar are about to begin. These cities and peripheries are expected to be under the coverage of BanglaLion by the end of 2nd quarter 2012; BanglaLion plans to bring most of the areas of the country under its seamless coverage. As part of the coverage plan, BanglaLion has already installed & commissioned 35 BTSs. With these 35 BTSs, BanglaLion plans to cover the key areas of Dhaka by end of December 2009. By the 1st quarter of 2010, BanglaLion plans to bring the whole Dhaka city and it’s wider periphery under coverage by installing 300 BTSs. Meantime, network rollout in other major cities such as; Chittagong, Sylhet, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal are about to begin. These cities and peripheries are xpected to be under the coverage of BanglaLion coverage by the 3rd quarter of 2010 and by the end of 2nd quarter 2011, BanglaLion plans to bring most of the areas of the country under its seamless coverage Right now you can find our partial coverage in the following locations in Dhaka City: Motijheel ,Chankherpul , Nakhal Para, Banani,Uttara,Mohakhali, Shyamoli,Mouchak,Central Road ,Dhanmondi,Gulshan Lalmatia Mohammadpur Badda TikatoliMugda Para/Bashab,Nikunja,Kochukhet,Baridhara (DOHS),Rampura/Banasree Result and Discussion Product related discussion Statistics | |Wimax Industry | |. 031 |4 | Reliability test means how reliable the responses are but here value of alpha should have been around . or more but still it is positive and after deleting two negative value we found that the responses are not that reliable but we can be positive about the responses. Price related statistics Statistics | |Prepaid Charges|Postpaid Charges|Charges of |B. p worth the |Availability | | | | |broadband providers|charges | | |N |Valid |100 |100 |100 |100 | |Median |4. 00 |4. 00 |2. 00 |2. 00 |5. 0 | |Mode |5 |5 |2 |2 |5 | The table indicate that prepaid charges are reasonable and as well as postpaid charges,but charges of broadband providers could not satisfy the subscribers as thir response mostly said they disagree and on avegare they are disagre and median is again disagree. Price related Reliability statistics |Cronbach's Alpha |N of Items | |. 276 |4 | Here after removing one negative value we can be positive that the answers are reliable although value of alpha is below standard. Distribution related Statistics |Availability |Bill payment |Customer care | |N |Valid |100 |100 |100 | | |Missing |4 |4 |4 | |Mean |4. 48 |4. 21 |3. 70 | |Median |5. 00 |4. 00 |4. 00 | |Mode |5 |4 |3 | Maximum people agreed that they want scratch card of prepaid Banglalion available in mobile and telecommunications shop and they strongly agreed mostly and on average they are agreed or strongly agreed They want to pay bills from local telecommunication shops as rear response was between the ranges of agree and strongly agree. Along with online customer care service people want customer care centre, but many stayed neutral in this regard perhaps they want the service to get experienced first then they will may think about customer care. Reliability statistics |Cronbach's Alpha |N of Items | |. 147 |3 | Again we can be positive about the respondents as we got a positive value of cronbachs alpha and it would have been better if it would show . 5 or above but still we will be positive. Promotion related statistics | |word of mouth | |. 111 |4 | Promotion related responses are positive again and though . 5 or above value is still missing but we can be positive about the responses. Findings People of Savar will gladly welcome wimax industry as they have lots of institutes and business and education is rich in number according to census board. †¢ Local broadband providers could not provide good enough service as they do not take prompt action when they get any complaints and that do not give connection duri ng weather hazard and even in case of heavy rainfall †¢ Surprises motivate customers but broadband providers do not provide that and the business is based on dealership so there is no formal strategy is followed †¢ Promotion of banglalion made good impact on them they heard through word of mouth and they and they are pleased with media exposure that indicates no promotional strategy will be needed to follow specially for savar. Social network and online income is the craze among the youth and Banglalion targeted that while promotion their product. †¢ Banglalion gives surprises and free usage and that is not provided by broadband providers and free usage is demanded by the customers that means no other treatment would be needed. †¢ Banglalion distributes scratch cards in local telecommunication shops to make it available again people of Savar want these this way †¢ As all the information’s showed positive responses and all the strategy followed by Bang lalion matched there are lots of possibilities in Savar †¢ Demographic information shows positive result too †¢ Failure of broadband providers is creating a chance to grab a huge market. Conclusion and Recommendation Banglaion has all they need to expand their service and the people of savar and its infrastructure development are favorable too. Banglalion should not change its promotional and distributional strategies as they would need time and fund for that but they should design plans for savar. Savar is such an area where tower for network coverage for wimax service has not been established yet. So Banglalion should be the pioneer is Savar before competitors fill the gap. Banglalion’s marketing strategy has worked well in Savar as they know the brand as a well-known one. Its word of mouth has reached to a large market so it should continue with its service consistently. Price has been important factor for choosing a brand over competitor as Banglalion provides many packages customer can fine tune their choices and price should not be increased and it should continue its strategy of giving free usage Distribution system and strategy has got positive response and local telecommunication shops have been proved as useful tool. Customer did not emphasize on customer care centre so that indicate establishment of network could be started first. Later on customer care may be established. Appendix Statistics | |Wimax Industry |Preferences |Staying Home |Online Income | |Valid |Agree |47 |45. 2 |47. 0 |47. 0 | | |Strongly agree |53 |51. 0 |53. 0 |100. | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Preferences | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Neutral |17 |16. 3 |17. 0 |17. 0 | | |Agree |40 |38. 5 |40. 0 |57. | | |Strongly agree |43 |41. 3 |43. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Online Income | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Disagree |12 |11. 5 |12. |12. 0 | | |Neutral |20 |19. 2 |20. 0 |32. 0 | | |Agree |34 |32. 7 |34. 0 |66. 0 | | |Strongly agree |34 |32. 7 |34. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. | | | Social Network | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Neutral |14 |13. 5 |14. 0 |14. 0 | | |Agree |46 |44. 2 |46. 0 |60. 0 | | |Strongly agree |40 |38. 5 |40. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Download | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Neutral |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |1. 0 | | |Agree |49 |47. 1 |49. 0 |50. 0 | | |Strongly agree |50 |48. 1 |50. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Statistics | |Prepaid Charges|Postpaid Cha rges|Charges of |B. p worth the |Availability | | | | |broadband providers|charges | | |N |Valid |100 |100 |100 |100 | |Median |4. 00 |4. 00 |2. 00 |2. 00 |5. 0 | |Mode |5 |5 |2 |2 |5 | Prepaid Charges | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Disagree |8 |7. 7 |8. 0 |8. 0 | | |Neutral |20 |19. 2 |20. 0 |28. 0 | | |Agree |29 |27. 9 |29. 0 |57. 0 | | |Strongly agree |43 |41. 3 |43. |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Postpaid Charges | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Disagree |9 |8. 7 |9. 0 |9. 0 | | |Neutral |22 |21. |22. 0 |31. 0 | | |Agree |33 |31. 7 |33. 0 |64. 0 | | |Strongly agree |36 |34. 6 |36. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Charges of broadband providers |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |24 |23. 1 |24. 0 |24. 0 | | |Disagree |42 |40. 4 |42. 0 |66. 0 | | |Neutral |21 |20. 2 |21. 0 |87. 0 | | |Agree |6 |5. 8 |6. 0 |93. 0 | | |Strongly agree |7 |6. 7 |7. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | BP worth the charges | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |26 |25. 0 |26. 0 |26. 0 | | |Disagree |48 |46. 2 |48. 0 |74. 0 | | |Neutral |16 |15. |16. 0 |90. 0 | | |Agree |5 |4. 8 |5. 0 |95. 0 | | |Strongly agree |5 |4. 8 |5. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Availability |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Disagree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |1. 0 | | |Neutral |4 |3. 8 |4. 0 |5. 0 | | |Agree |41 |39. 4 |41. 0 |46. 0 | | |Strongly agree |54 |51. 9 |54. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Statistics | |Availability |Bill payment |Customer care | |N |Valid |100 |100 |100 | | |Missing |4 |4 |4 | |Mean |4. 48 |4. 21 |3. 70 | |Median |5. 00 |4. 00 |4. 0 | |Mode |5 |4 |3 | Bill payment | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |1. 0 | | |Disagree |5 |4. 8 |5. 0 |6. 0 | | |Neutral |8 |7. 7 |8. 0 |14. 0 | | |Agree |44 |42. 3 |44. 0 |58. | | |Strongly agree |42 |40. 4 |42. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Customer care | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Disagree |11 |10. 6 |11. 0 |11. | | |Neutral |37 |35. 6 |37. 0 |48. 0 | | |Agree |23 |22. 1 |23. 0 |71. 0 | | |Strongly agree |29 |27. 9 |29. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Statistics |word of mouth |Media Exposure |Free usage |Weather Hazard | |Valid |Agree |42 |40. 4 |42. 0 |42. 0 | | |Strongly agree |58 |55. 8 |58. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Media Exposure |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |1. 0 | | |Disagree |8 |7. 7 |8. 0 |9. 0 | | |Neutral |12 |11. 5 |12. 0 |21. 0 | | |Agree |34 |32. 7 |34. 0 |55. 0 | | |Strongly agree |45 |43. 3 |45. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Free usage | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |1. 0 | | |Disagree |5 |4. 8 |5. 0 |6. 0 | | |Neutral |7 |6. |7. 0 |13. 0 | | |Agree |35 |33. 7 |35. 0 |48. 0 | | |Strongly agree |52 |50. 0 |52. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Weather Hazard |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |40 |38. 5 |40. 0 |40. 0 | | |Disagree |48 |46. 2 |48. 0 |88. 0 | | |Neutral |10 |9. 6 |10. 0 |98. 0 | | |Agree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |99. 0 | | |Strongly agree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Surprises by BP | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |48 |46. 2 |48. 0 |48. 0 | | |Disagree |52 |50. 0 |52. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Action taken by BP | |Frequency |Percent |Valid Percent |Cumulative Percent | |Valid |Strongly disagree |37 |35. 6 |37. 0 |37. 0 | | |Disagree |49 |47. 1 |49. 0 |86. 0 | | |Neutral |9 |8. |9. 0 |95. 0 | | |Agree |4 |3. 8 |4. 0 |99. 0 | | |Strongly agree |1 |1. 0 |1. 0 |100. 0 | | |Total |100 |96. 2 |100. 0 | | |Missing |System |4 |3. 8 | | | |Total |104 |100. 0 | | | Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha |N of Items | | |-. 038 |6 | | a. The value is negative due t

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According to the article â€Å"Transgender Rights,† Gender means the identity of being male or female, typically used to reference social and cultural differencesRead MoreThe Internal and External Business Environment of Paddy Power4215 Words   |  17 Pages1.2a Offensive Ad 3 2.1.2b Under-age Bet 4 2.1.2c Rob Keane’s Lawsuit 4 2.1.3 Economical 5 2.1.3a Global Economic Downturn 5 2.1.3b Foreign Exchange Rate 5 2.1.4 Socio-Culture 5 2.1.4.a Responsible Gambling 5 2.1.4b Sports and Social 6 2.1.4c Health and Safety Policy 6 2.1.4d Publicity stunts 6 2.1.5 Technology 7 2.1.5a Mobile Betting 7 2.1.5b Acquisition Cayetano 8 2.1.5c Marketing Strategy 8 2.1.6 Environmental 8 3.1 MICRO (THE COMPITITIVE ENVIRONMENT) 8 3.1.1 Supplier 8 3.1.2

Finding Peace in Death Comes For The Archbishop Essay

Finding Peace in Death Comes For The Archbishop Willa Cathers Death Comes For The Archbishop is a novel set in the nineteenth century in New Mexico. The story follows the adventures of Father Vaillant and Father Latour, two refined French priests on a mission to promote Catholicism in Santa Fe. The story follows each mans experiences in these unrefined surroundings causing them to go through dramatic changes as they experience the westward movement of the frontier. Through the struggles and journeys of a host of characters, we discover the underlying tensions of worldly distractions that can create a divided character between oneself. The first example of a divided character I would like to discuss†¦show more content†¦I will now go on to Trinidad, Father Martinezs nephew who also exhibits a divided character, lustful and gluttonous, as well as having himself crucified and scourged during Passion Week. When he ate dinner, he ate as if he were afraid of never seeing food again. When his attention left his plate for a moment, it was fixed in the same greedy way upon the girl who served the table...with careless contempt(145). Trinidad seems to have such an ugly personality, but at the same time he carries out his religious duties, to the extreme. It is as if one makes up for the other, contradicting Catholicism. Padre Martinez, who also tends to acts upon rules of his own, has taught Trinidad literal religion, not spiritual religion. Trinidad seems to think repeated sins can easily be forgiven, acting more to please those around him instead of God. Trinidads character of sin and solitude seem s to be allowing him to get the best of both worlds, when he should just be content with one. To show the contrast of a single character and a divided character, I would like to discuss Eusabio. Eusabio exhibits a sincere one-sided character, devoted to his beliefs and actions of serenity. 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Lust, fear, and socialRead MoreItalian Renissance and the Reformation Essay example1452 Words   |  6 PagesRenaissance began after Europe began recovering from the Black Death. Anyone who had survived was just happy to be alive and started focusing more on material things, rather than religious ones. Another reason the focus shifted from religious thoughts was because of the Great Schism. People began second guessing their rulers and religious leaders and became more secular. One important city involved in the Renaissance was Florence, which would come to be known as the cultural center of the Renaissance. FlorenceRead MoreThe Migrant Crisis : How Would You Feel If You Were Turned Away?1334 Words   |  6 Pages21st December 2015 more than one million migrants arrived on European soil. Hundreds are fleeing abuse in Eritrea. Thousands are fleeing war torn Syria. It is estimated that over 6,700 have died crossing the Mediterranean, and they will continue to come . 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Nahla Valji (2004)2 Creating reconciliation after war and a strictly inhumane regime, there was a whole matter of creating the conditions and grounds for peace amounts the people, and of keeping the peace balanced for the distant and sudden future.3 Not peace in the context of just discontinuing the illegitimate acceptance

Describe the Different Stakeholders Who Influence the Purpose of Two Contrasting Business free essay sample

The money that the customers spend is important because it helps to carry on their work in the future. As the customers know that the Eden Project is for charity, they are not so concerned about how much they spend as they know that the money goes towards a good cause. Customers that come from Devon and Cornwall are offered a reduced price. | A large amount of customers are key to ensuring that Coco-Cola have high profits. This means that Coca-Cola will want to make sure their products are of a good quality to ensure business in future. Coca –Cola will want to ensure customers choose them over their nearest rival for example, Pepsi. So they would try to stand out from other rivals. | Employees | An important factor for the Eden Project is the job satisfaction as employees would be proud that they work for a small charity. Also the Eden Project will also take on volunteers into their organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe the Different Stakeholders Who Influence the Purpose of Two Contrasting Business or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Eden Project will need to make sure that the volunteers are motivated, so they can see the value of the work that they do. Furthermore, even though they don’t get paid they will be motivated as it is for a good cause. Coca-Cola is a well know large organisation therefore they do not want any negative publicity about how their employees have been treated. However in the past Coca-Cola has had bad publicity, as they tried to prevent trade union membership are some countries, the outcome of this is likely to lower staff moral and decrease productivity. Job satisfaction and motivation is just as important to Coca- Cola. Because if there is no motivation then the product would be not at a high stranded. | Suppliers | The suppliers that the Eden Project usesare local which is to minimise transport pollution and to support the local community. Coca-Cola uses suppliers from different parts of the world which means that the costs are low as the supplier are from abroad. In order to have a successful relationship with suppliers, Coca-Cola have supplier guiding principles and a supplier code of conduct in order to make sure specific rules and regulations are ensure. | Owners | The Eden Project Trust is managed by The Eden Project Ltd. As the Eden Project is a Limited Company it is owned by family and friends who have invested some money into the business. As Coca-Cola is a Public Limited Company, a majority of owners who play an impotent role in how Coca-Cola is organised. Also Coca-Cola has a lot of minority owners in the form of shareholders which would have an influence over how the company is run. | Local and national communities | The Eden Project a social enterprise eager to support the local and also the national communities as much as possible. | In the past Coca-Cola has had negative publicity because of some of its practices in some countries. For example India, where the company has practices depleted groundwater which they for factories but ended in the resulting in a shortage of water for local people that lived in India. | Trade Unions | The project is not linked with any Trade Unions. Trade unions stand up for employee rights and makes sure there treated fairly. | Previously Coca-Cola has got into trouble for trying to suppress Trade Union membership within the organisation as they are seen as a threat to the company. | Employer Associations | The Eden Project is not connected with any employer associations. Employer Associations represent employee interests. | Coca-Cola does not have any employer associations. | Government | The Eden Project will have to follow the law this is to make sure that they know what to do and so that they do the right thing. As the Eden Project is a charity they will receive tax relief. | Coca-Cola has to also follow the law, in each country. Coca-Cola also has to make sure that they give their employees the right contract. Also they have to make sure that their customs get a high standard that they pay for. |

Law Enforcement in Canada Essays - Law Enforcement, Gendarmerie

Law Enforcement in Canada Under the Constitution Act of 1867, the federal government has the authority to enact criminal law and procedures, while the enforcement of laws and the administration of justice were delegated to the provinces ( Griffiths, 2013 ). This meant that enforcement of criminal laws are primarily a providential function , so they need to form police agencies . Each of Canada's jurisdictional levels has a police force . Large municipalities are responsible for providing their own police force to enforce federal crimina l codes and municipal bylaws . Providential police agencies enforce criminal codes and statu t es in parts of the providences without a police force. Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP ) is th e law enforcement arm of the federal government . They are entrusted with the enforcement of federal statutes such as drug laws, Indian laws, explosive laws and food and drug laws. All but 3 providences (Quebec, Ontario and Newfoundland and Labrador) contract out their regional law enforcement to the RCMP . This apparently simple three-tiered structure of policing in Canada is dramatically complicated by the practice of "contracting out" police services (Griffiths et al. , 1980). Federal The Royal Canadian Mounted Police was formed in 1920 by the union of the Royal Northwest Mounted Police and the Dominion Police. Since the 1950s , the RCMP assumed provincial policing responsibilities in 7 Canadian prov inces in a cost sharing operation called " contracting out." They mostly operate in sparsely populated or rural areas where there are small amount of people . In some small cities and towns, the RCMP is the only law enforcement agency for miles. In the Yukon and the Northwest territories, the RCMP is the only police force available. Also called the "Mounties," the RCMP has be come the most widely recognized symbol of Canada throughout the world. The exploits and daring of the Mounties were immortalized by Canadian, European, and American authors in the twentieth century in books and motion pictures of the square-jawed, stoic, strong Mountie (Griffiths, 2013). The RCMP provide s f rontline police services on a federal and on both providential and municipal level under the direction of the providential governments. T he y may be the most complex law enforcement organization in the world because they often find it difficult to serv e 2-3 masters at one time (Griffiths et. al, 1980) . Provincial The British North American Act (1867) is a provision that gave Canadian providences the power to police their own territory. O ntario and Quebec are the most populated providences in Canada, so they have their own law enforcement agencies . Newfoundland also has its own police force, but they limit their jurisdiction with in the populated areas; they contract out to the RCMP for rural police services. Providential police agencies have jurisdiction outs ide of large municipal areas or in municipalities that do not have their own police force; overall authority of all the King's Highways and the waterways . They also enforce pro vidential regulatory policies like liquor laws and aid smaller police agencies in criminal investigations (Griffiths et. al, 1980). Municipal Municipal police forces constitute the largest body of police in Canada, comprising about 55% of the total personnel in Canada and they handle the most crime (Griffiths et. al, 1980). Municipal police forces provide services to the most densely populated areas, usual ly urban areas above 50,000 people. Urban areas like Montreal and Toronto have their own police forces which enforce all forms of laws. They enforce criminal codes, municipal bylaws, providential statues and some federal statutes like the Narcotics Control Act. Some municipalities have chosen to not form a police force and have providential police agencies to police their territories ; others contract out to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. First Nations communities have their own municipal policing, as set out in the federal government's First Nations Policing Policy, which manages various types of arrangements, including self-administered policing and the use of dedi cated officers from existing police services such as the RCMP ( Goudge , Beare , Dupont , Duxbury, Huey , 2014 ) . Private Canada also has a number of police agencies that are hired and